In the modern periodic table, the elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number. The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. The number of protons define the identity of an element (i.e., an element with 6 protons is a carbon atom, no matter how many neutrons may be present). The number of protons determines how many electrons surround the nucleus, and it is the arrangement of these electrons that determines most of the chemical behavior of an element.
Periodic Table
Technical data for Nickel Click any property name to see plots of that property for all the elements. Nickel is a transition metal, with an atomic number of 28, located in the fourth period/row on the periodic table of elements. It is an essential nutrient for the body but it's over intake can cause harm. Humans can get the infection by breathing in infected air or drinking such water or eating such food or smoking cigarettes. Nickel is atomic number 28; therefore, it has 28 electrons in its orbitals. The filling rules are as follows: 1. Aufbau Principle: Lowest energy levels fill first.
In a periodic table arranged in order of increasing atomic number, elements having similar chemical properties naturally line up in the same column (group). For instance, all of the elements in Group 1A are relatively soft metals, react violently with water, and form 1+ charges; all of the elements in Group 8A are unreactive, monatomic gases at room temperature, etc. In other words, there is a periodic repetition of the properties of the chemical elements with increasing mass.
In the original periodic table published by Dimitri Mendeleev in 1869, the elements were arranged according to increasing atomic mass— at that time, the nucleus had not yet been discovered, and there was no understanding at all of the interior structure of the atom, so atomic mass was the only guide to use. Once the structure of the nucleus was understood, it became clear that it was the atomic number that governed the properties of the elements.
Element Nickel - Ni
Comprehensive data on the chemical element Nickel is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Nickel. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one's studies.
Nickel Menu
- Nickel Page One
- Nickel Page Two
- Nickel Page Three
Overview of Nickel
- Atomic Number: 28
- Group: 10
- Period: 4
- Series: Transition Metals
Nickel's Name in Other Languages
- Latin: Niccolum
- Czech: Nikl
- Croatian: Nikal
- French: Nickel
- German: Nickel - r
- Italian: Nichel
- Norwegian: Nikkel
- Portuguese: Niquel
- Russian: Никель
- Spanish: Níquel
- Swedish: Nickel
Atomic Structure of Nickel
- Atomic Radius: 1.62Å
- Atomic Volume: 6.59cm3/mol
- Covalent Radius: 1.15Å
- Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture)σa/barns: 4.49
- Crystal Structure: Cubic face centered
- Electron Configuration:
- 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p6d8 4s2
- Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,16,2
- Shell Model
- Shell Model
- Ionic Radius: 0.69Å
- Filling Orbital: 3d8
- Number of Electrons (with no charge): 28
- Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 31
- Number of Protons: 28
- Oxidation States:2,3
- Valence Electrons: 3d8 4s2
Chemical Properties of Nickel
- Electrochemical Equivalent: 1.095g/amp-hr
- Electron Work Function: 5.15eV
- Electronegativity: 1.91 (Pauling); 1.75 (Allrod Rochow)
- Heat of Fusion: 17.47kJ/mol
- Incompatibilities:
- Strong acids, sulfur, selenium, wood & other combustibles, nickel nitrate
- Ionization Potential
- First: 7.635
- Second: 18.168
- Third: 35.17
- Valence Electron Potential (-eV): 42
Physical Properties of Nickel
- Atomic Mass Average: 58.6934
- Boiling Point: 3005K 2732°C 4950°F
- Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K-1: 13.3E-6
- Conductivity
- Electrical: 0.143 106/cm Ω
Thermal: 0.907 W/cmK
- Electrical: 0.143 106/cm Ω
- Density: 8.9g/cc @ 300K
- Description:
- A silvery-white transition metal that is malleable and ductile. Nickel resists corrosion but is soluble in acids. It is, however, unaffected by alkalis.
- Elastic Modulus:
- Bulk: 180/GPa
- Rigidity: 76/GPa
- Youngs: 200/GPa
- Enthalpy of Atomization: 422.6 kJ/mole @ 25°C
- Enthalpy of Fusion: 17.57 kJ/mole
- Enthalpy of Vaporization: 371.8 kJ/mole
- Flammablity Class: Combustible Solid
- Freezing Point:see melting point
- Hardness Scale
- Brinell: 700 MN m-2
- Mohs: 4
- Vickers: 638 MN m-2
- Heat of Vaporization: 370.4kJ/mol
- Melting Point: 1726K 1453°C 2647°F
- Molar Volume: 6.59 cm3/mole
- Optical Reflectivity: 72%
- Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
- Specific Heat: 0.44J/gK
- Vapor Pressure = 237Pa@1453°C
Regulatory / Health
- CAS Number
- 7440-02-0
- RTECS: QR5950000 (metal)
- OSHAPermissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
- TWA: 1 mg/m3
- OSHA PEL Vacated 1989
- TWA: 1 mg/m3
- NIOSHRecommended Exposure Limit (REL)
- TWA: 0.015 mg/m3
- IDLH: 10 mg/m3 (Potential NIOSH carcinogen)
- Routes of Exposure: Inhalation; Ingestion; Skin and/or eye contact
- Target Organs: Nasal cavities, lungs, skin
- Levels In Humans:
Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.- Blood/mg dm-3: 0.01-0.05
- Bone/p.p.m: <0.7
- Liver/p.p.m: 0.02-1.8
- Muscle/p.p.m: 1-2
- Daily Dietary Intake: 0.3-0.5 mg
- Total Mass In Avg. 70kg human: 15 mg
Who / Where / When / How
- Discoverer: Axel F Cronstedt
- Discovery Location: Stockholm Sweden
- Discovery Year: 1751
- Name Origin:
- German: kupfernickel (Devil's copper).
- Abundance of Nickel:
- Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: 80
- Seawater/p.p.m.:
- Atlantic Suface: 0.0001
- Atlantic Deep: 0.0004
- Pacific Surface: 0.0001
- Pacific Deep: 0.00057
- Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
- Sun (Relative to H=1E12): 1910000
- Sources of Nickel:
- Chiefly found in pentlandite [(Ni,Fe)9S8] and garnierite ores. Annual world production is over 1,300,000 tons. The primary mining areas are Russia, South Africa, Australia, New Caledonia, Cuba, Indonesia, USA and Canada.
- Uses of Nickel:
- Used in electroplating and metal alloys because of its resistance to corrosion. Also in nickel-cadmium batteries; as a catalyst and for coins.
- Additional Notes:
Nickel Menu
- Nickel Page One
- Nickel Page Two
- Nickel Page Three
References
A list of reference sources used to compile the data provided on our periodic table of elements can be found on the main periodic table page. Jojo rabbit sky god.
Related Resources
- Anatomy of the Atom
Answers many questions regarding the structure of atoms. - Molarity, Molality and Normality
Introduces stoichiometry and explains the differences between molarity, molality and normality. - Molar Mass Calculations and Javascript Calculator
Molar mass calculations are explained and there is a JavaScript calculator to aid calculations. - Chemical Database
This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry.
Citing this page
If you need to cite this page, you can copy this text:
Kenneth Barbalace. Periodic Table of Elements - Nickel - Ni. EnvironmentalChemistry.com. 1995 - 2021. Accessed on-line: 4/24/2021
https://EnvironmentalChemistry.com/yogi/periodic/Ni.html
.
Linking to this page
Periodic Table
Technical data for Nickel Click any property name to see plots of that property for all the elements. Nickel is a transition metal, with an atomic number of 28, located in the fourth period/row on the periodic table of elements. It is an essential nutrient for the body but it's over intake can cause harm. Humans can get the infection by breathing in infected air or drinking such water or eating such food or smoking cigarettes. Nickel is atomic number 28; therefore, it has 28 electrons in its orbitals. The filling rules are as follows: 1. Aufbau Principle: Lowest energy levels fill first.
In a periodic table arranged in order of increasing atomic number, elements having similar chemical properties naturally line up in the same column (group). For instance, all of the elements in Group 1A are relatively soft metals, react violently with water, and form 1+ charges; all of the elements in Group 8A are unreactive, monatomic gases at room temperature, etc. In other words, there is a periodic repetition of the properties of the chemical elements with increasing mass.
In the original periodic table published by Dimitri Mendeleev in 1869, the elements were arranged according to increasing atomic mass— at that time, the nucleus had not yet been discovered, and there was no understanding at all of the interior structure of the atom, so atomic mass was the only guide to use. Once the structure of the nucleus was understood, it became clear that it was the atomic number that governed the properties of the elements.
Element Nickel - Ni
Comprehensive data on the chemical element Nickel is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Nickel. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one's studies.
Nickel Menu
- Nickel Page One
- Nickel Page Two
- Nickel Page Three
Overview of Nickel
- Atomic Number: 28
- Group: 10
- Period: 4
- Series: Transition Metals
Nickel's Name in Other Languages
- Latin: Niccolum
- Czech: Nikl
- Croatian: Nikal
- French: Nickel
- German: Nickel - r
- Italian: Nichel
- Norwegian: Nikkel
- Portuguese: Niquel
- Russian: Никель
- Spanish: Níquel
- Swedish: Nickel
Atomic Structure of Nickel
- Atomic Radius: 1.62Å
- Atomic Volume: 6.59cm3/mol
- Covalent Radius: 1.15Å
- Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture)σa/barns: 4.49
- Crystal Structure: Cubic face centered
- Electron Configuration:
- 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p6d8 4s2
- Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,16,2
- Shell Model
- Shell Model
- Ionic Radius: 0.69Å
- Filling Orbital: 3d8
- Number of Electrons (with no charge): 28
- Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 31
- Number of Protons: 28
- Oxidation States:2,3
- Valence Electrons: 3d8 4s2
Chemical Properties of Nickel
- Electrochemical Equivalent: 1.095g/amp-hr
- Electron Work Function: 5.15eV
- Electronegativity: 1.91 (Pauling); 1.75 (Allrod Rochow)
- Heat of Fusion: 17.47kJ/mol
- Incompatibilities:
- Strong acids, sulfur, selenium, wood & other combustibles, nickel nitrate
- Ionization Potential
- First: 7.635
- Second: 18.168
- Third: 35.17
- Valence Electron Potential (-eV): 42
Physical Properties of Nickel
- Atomic Mass Average: 58.6934
- Boiling Point: 3005K 2732°C 4950°F
- Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K-1: 13.3E-6
- Conductivity
- Electrical: 0.143 106/cm Ω
Thermal: 0.907 W/cmK
- Electrical: 0.143 106/cm Ω
- Density: 8.9g/cc @ 300K
- Description:
- A silvery-white transition metal that is malleable and ductile. Nickel resists corrosion but is soluble in acids. It is, however, unaffected by alkalis.
- Elastic Modulus:
- Bulk: 180/GPa
- Rigidity: 76/GPa
- Youngs: 200/GPa
- Enthalpy of Atomization: 422.6 kJ/mole @ 25°C
- Enthalpy of Fusion: 17.57 kJ/mole
- Enthalpy of Vaporization: 371.8 kJ/mole
- Flammablity Class: Combustible Solid
- Freezing Point:see melting point
- Hardness Scale
- Brinell: 700 MN m-2
- Mohs: 4
- Vickers: 638 MN m-2
- Heat of Vaporization: 370.4kJ/mol
- Melting Point: 1726K 1453°C 2647°F
- Molar Volume: 6.59 cm3/mole
- Optical Reflectivity: 72%
- Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
- Specific Heat: 0.44J/gK
- Vapor Pressure = 237Pa@1453°C
Regulatory / Health
- CAS Number
- 7440-02-0
- RTECS: QR5950000 (metal)
- OSHAPermissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
- TWA: 1 mg/m3
- OSHA PEL Vacated 1989
- TWA: 1 mg/m3
- NIOSHRecommended Exposure Limit (REL)
- TWA: 0.015 mg/m3
- IDLH: 10 mg/m3 (Potential NIOSH carcinogen)
- Routes of Exposure: Inhalation; Ingestion; Skin and/or eye contact
- Target Organs: Nasal cavities, lungs, skin
- Levels In Humans:
Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.- Blood/mg dm-3: 0.01-0.05
- Bone/p.p.m: <0.7
- Liver/p.p.m: 0.02-1.8
- Muscle/p.p.m: 1-2
- Daily Dietary Intake: 0.3-0.5 mg
- Total Mass In Avg. 70kg human: 15 mg
Who / Where / When / How
- Discoverer: Axel F Cronstedt
- Discovery Location: Stockholm Sweden
- Discovery Year: 1751
- Name Origin:
- German: kupfernickel (Devil's copper).
- Abundance of Nickel:
- Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: 80
- Seawater/p.p.m.:
- Atlantic Suface: 0.0001
- Atlantic Deep: 0.0004
- Pacific Surface: 0.0001
- Pacific Deep: 0.00057
- Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
- Sun (Relative to H=1E12): 1910000
- Sources of Nickel:
- Chiefly found in pentlandite [(Ni,Fe)9S8] and garnierite ores. Annual world production is over 1,300,000 tons. The primary mining areas are Russia, South Africa, Australia, New Caledonia, Cuba, Indonesia, USA and Canada.
- Uses of Nickel:
- Used in electroplating and metal alloys because of its resistance to corrosion. Also in nickel-cadmium batteries; as a catalyst and for coins.
- Additional Notes:
Nickel Menu
- Nickel Page One
- Nickel Page Two
- Nickel Page Three
References
A list of reference sources used to compile the data provided on our periodic table of elements can be found on the main periodic table page. Jojo rabbit sky god.
Related Resources
- Anatomy of the Atom
Answers many questions regarding the structure of atoms. - Molarity, Molality and Normality
Introduces stoichiometry and explains the differences between molarity, molality and normality. - Molar Mass Calculations and Javascript Calculator
Molar mass calculations are explained and there is a JavaScript calculator to aid calculations. - Chemical Database
This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry.
Citing this page
If you need to cite this page, you can copy this text:
Kenneth Barbalace. Periodic Table of Elements - Nickel - Ni. EnvironmentalChemistry.com. 1995 - 2021. Accessed on-line: 4/24/2021
https://EnvironmentalChemistry.com/yogi/periodic/Ni.html
.
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Nickel 60 Atomic Number
echo Periodic Table of Elements: Nickel - Ni (EnvironmentalChemistry.com)- Comprehensive information for the element Nickel - Ni is provided by this page including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides and technical terms are linked to their definitions.
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Nickel On The Periodic Table
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